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Featured

Standard Delay Format

SDF file is how you represent your circuit delays. We have earlier seen SPEF format which is the circuit’s RC representation. SDF now has the delay numbers derived from these… Read more »

Back End, STA     sta, timing

UGC NET: Effective Mass

Sini Mukundan    January 17, 2020 January 17, 2020    No Comments on UGC NET: Effective Mass

A particle’s effective mass (often denoted m* is the mass that it seems to have when responding to forces, or the mass that it seems to have when interacting with other identical particles in a thermal distribution. …. Read more »

Electronic Science, General    Electronics, ugc-net

UGC NET: Intrinsic and Extrinsic Semiconductors

Sini Mukundan    January 9, 2020 January 9, 2020    No Comments on UGC NET: Intrinsic and Extrinsic Semiconductors

A semiconductor material in its pure form is called an intrinsic semiconductor. To be classified thus, its impurity content should be less than 1 part in 100 million parts of… Read more »

Electronic Science    doping, extrinsic, intrinsic, n-type, NET, p-type, ugc-net

UGC NET: Bandgap

Sini Mukundan    January 8, 2020 January 8, 2020    No Comments on UGC NET: Bandgap

In the Energy band image above, there are certain energy ranges where no electron states can exist. e.g. Between band1 and band2, there is a range of energy states which… Read more »

General    NET, ugc-net

UGC NET: Energy Bands in Solids

Sini Mukundan    January 7, 2020 January 7, 2020    No Comments on UGC NET: Energy Bands in Solids

The electrons in a free atom can only have discrete energy levels. An electron farthest from the nucleus has the highest energy. The farther the electrons are, less the energy… Read more »

General    NET, ugc-net

UGC NET : Introduction to Semiconductor

Sini Mukundan    January 7, 2020 January 7, 2020    No Comments on UGC NET : Introduction to Semiconductor

Semiconductors can be considered as materials that have an electrical conductivity ranging between that of an insulator like glass and a good conductor like metal. These group of materials like… Read more »

General    Electronics, NET, ugc-net

ESD III – Latent ESD Damage

Sini Mukundan    September 19, 2019 September 19, 2019    No Comments on ESD III – Latent ESD Damage

ESD events sometimes doesn’t immediately destroy the devices but leaves a “latent defect”. This can cause a device failure later. Latent defects are not caught while testing as the device… Read more »

General    ESD

ESD II : ESD Protection Device

Sini Mukundan    September 16, 2019 September 16, 2019    No Comments on ESD II : ESD Protection Device

The principle of ESD protection devices is based on clamping the input voltage to a level that is safe for the IC to handle. In the circuitry given using Zener… Read more »

Back End, General, Physical Design    ESD

Electrostatic Discharge – I

Sini Mukundan    September 4, 2019 September 4, 2019    No Comments on Electrostatic Discharge – I

ESD is something we come across in normal life, from lightning to the sudden shock experienced while touching certain materials. We however are interested more in the electronic kind, which… Read more »

General    ESD

OCV & AOCV

Sini Mukundan    July 4, 2019 July 4, 2019    1 Comment on OCV & AOCV

Process variation is a naturally occuring variation in the attributes of transistors(length, widths, oxide thickness) when integrated circuits are fabricated. These variations can be: Chip-to-chip There can be parameter difference… Read more »

General    aocv, ocv, on chip variation, pocv, pvt, sta

Utility awk – Basics

Sini Balakrishnan    June 14, 2019 June 14, 2019    1 Comment on Utility awk – Basics

The awk is a utility developed by Aho, Weinberger and Kerninghan (AWK). It is a pattern scanning and processing language.By default it reads from standard input and writes to standard… Read more »

General   

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Recent Articles

  • UGC NET: Effective Mass
  • UGC NET: Intrinsic and Extrinsic Semiconductors
  • UGC NET: Bandgap
  • UGC NET: Energy Bands in Solids
  • UGC NET : Introduction to Semiconductor